The ESC (Escape) key is a critical component of your Mac’s keyboard, often used to cancel operations, close dialog boxes, or exit full-screen modes. When it stops functioning, it can disrupt your workflow significantly.
1. Restart Your Mac
Sometimes, the simplest solution is the most effective. A restart can resolve temporary glitches affecting your keyboard. To restart your Mac:
- Click the Apple menu in the top-left corner.
- Select Restart from the dropdown menu.
- Wait for your Mac to reboot and check if the ESC key works.
If the issue persists, proceed to the next method.
2. Check for Software Updates
Outdated software can cause compatibility issues, including keyboard malfunctions. Ensure your macOS is up to date:
- Go to System Settings > General > Software Update.
- If an update is available, click Update Now.
- Restart your Mac after the update completes.
This ensures your system has the latest bug fixes and improvements.
3. Test the ESC Key in Safe Mode
Safe Mode helps identify whether third-party software is interfering with your keyboard. To boot into Safe Mode:
- Shut down your Mac.
- Turn it on and immediately hold the Shift key.
- Release the key when you see the login screen.
- Test the ESC key in Safe Mode.
If the key works in Safe Mode, a third-party app or extension may be the culprit.
4. Reset the NVRAM/PRAM
NVRAM (Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory) and PRAM (Parameter RAM) store settings related to your keyboard and other hardware. Resetting them can resolve ESC key issues:
- Shut down your Mac.
- Turn it on and immediately press Option + Command + P + R.
- Hold the keys for about 20 seconds.
- Release the keys and let your Mac restart.
This resets hardware-related settings to their defaults.
5. Use the Keyboard Viewer
macOS includes a Keyboard Viewer tool to test key functionality. To enable it:
- Go to System Settings > Keyboard > Input Sources.
- Check Show Input menu in menu bar.
- Click the input menu in the menu bar and select Show Keyboard Viewer.
- Press the ESC key and see if it lights up in the Keyboard Viewer.
If the ESC key doesn’t respond, the issue may be hardware-related.
6. Inspect for Physical Damage
Hardware issues, such as debris or damage, can prevent the ESC key from functioning. To inspect your keyboard:
- Turn off your Mac and disconnect it from power.
- Use compressed air to blow out any debris under the keys.
- Check for visible damage or stuck keys.
If cleaning doesn’t help, consider professional repair services.
7. Use an External Keyboard
If none of the above methods work, your Mac’s built-in keyboard may be faulty. Connect an external keyboard to test the ESC key:
- Plug in a USB or Bluetooth keyboard.
- Test the ESC key on the external keyboard.
- If it works, your Mac’s internal keyboard may need replacement.
This step helps confirm whether the issue is isolated to the built-in keyboard.